How much to set up a new ISP?


How much will it cost to set everything up?

Depends.
Depends on what you have already and how much you want to spend.
Depends on what size of ISP you want to start with, how many dial-in lines, the services you want to offer, the equipment you plan to use, the type of Internet connection you will have to the ISP that you are connecting to, etc..
Depends where your ISP operation will be, in a office downtown, in shared premises, in your home, in your garage, telehoused at some other internet connected company, ISP etc..
Depends on who will be running the ISP operation, you and your family? or will you be employing staff from day one of opening for business?

The question of where your ISP operation will be based may be influenced by many technical and service issues outside your immediate control. Some of these issues are:

Telecom services

The situation outside of the main cities in New Zealand concerning Telecom services ranges from the impossible to the bearable. And getting your connection to an ISP will probably be the single most important issue in getting your ISP service up and running. Two points with this connection - The cost and whether or not any telco can provide a data circuit of some type to your location.

  • The cost will affect the speed of link you get. Generally the faster the link the more expensive it is, prices tend to increase in a linear fashion. Telecom may have some pretty serious installation charges as well, this may have to take into account the cost of upgrading your local exchange to deal with data circuits AND it could also include the need to install more cabling from the nearest Telecom junction box to your premises.

  • If Telecom (or other NZ telcos) cannot provide a service to your chosen location then you may have no other options but to consider relocating to an area that is better serviced by Telecom. Remember Telecom are not under any obligation to provide advertised data services to you. If the local exchange is not capable of handling data circuits and Telecom decide it is too expensive to upgrade then you are out of luck.
    Although Telecom do not like refusing data circuit requests they will often quote an installation price that they know is unrealistic and will deter you from proceeding.

  • The above issues often apply to getting additional phone lines installed. If your ISP service is to include dial in lines with modems then the availability of copper pairs in your street can become an issue.
    Its a good idea to come up with some sort of estimate of where you would like to be in 3, 6 and 12 months in terms of dial in lines vs numbers of users. Although many people find this impossible to estimate with any accuracy the rule-of-thumb concerning modem:users ratio should give you an idea.
    A ratio of 1 modem to 10 users seems a good starting point although many ISPs stretch this out to 16 users where traffic patterns are known (eg where there are many predictable connection activities such as daily uucp short duration connections, limited time PPP connectionss etc..).
    You will need to think of your position on this and work out some idea of how many lines you will need.
    With these ideas you then need to contact Telecom and find out what line resources are available to your ISP location. If there could be problem then its better to aware of it now. Nothing is more bothersome and disruptive to an existing ISP service than having to move premises because growth is limited by a lack of Telecom line pairs.

    Computer Hardware

    There are few restrictions on what computer hardware would be suitable for an ISP system. The essential software for an ISP is now just about available for every computer architecture and the cost of hardware is also less of an issue as prices in New Zealand have been reducing quickly.
    PC architecture systems using Pentium cpu(s) appear to be the most popular.

    Special hardware, Routers

    Modems

    If you are looking at a basic entry level scenario then you are going to need just one computer system and a router or some type to connect your leased line/isdn link/dds link to your Internet Service Provider.

    This one computer system will have to be your dns server, mail server, news server, terminal server (ie connects to your dial in modems), manage all your user logins (shell and PPP) and


    An example startup ISP

    A startup ISP configuration, intended to offer online PPP connections, gradually adding dial in lines as more users subscribe. A limited news feed initially, no more than 500 newsgroups including all the .nz newsgroups. The system will be located in the system administraters home where there is already sufficient Telecom cable pairs. The initial link to a service provider will be a 48K MDDS (Telecom's Metropolitan Digital Data Service) and four telephone lines will be installed for data and one for voice/fax. The service provider will charge a monthly flat rate of $800 to connect the customer 48K MMDS. Initial costs can be broken down into:
  • Telecom installation fees $820 for the 48K MDDS and $160 per telephone line. The MDDS NTU (Network Terminator Unit) has an X21 sync serial interface and the phone lines are all standard business lines.
    Some negociation may be possible with Telecom over the installation costs

  • Setup and installation by your service provider.
    This could include:
    Applying for your domain name, and providing primary/secondary dns for your domain,
    Getting you a Class C network, arranging routing to your network and,
    international access to it,
    Setting up and commisioning your data link,
    Configuring routers which could involve setting up security access lists, routing management protocols, link management/througput reporting and multi-link setup,
    Organising a usenet news feed via uucp, nntp or other favoured delivery methods.
    All service provider setup and installations costs for this example will cost $500.

  • Obtaining a router for your end of the MDDS connection and perhaps also a router for the other end at your service provider (although most providers will probably prefer to rent you a router port on one of their multiport router). A router can cost anything from $2000 ro $5000 depending on the functions and availablity. A Cisco 1004 router for this example costs $2300. The service provider will provide a port for $150 per month.

  • Modems. The average price of a reasonable v34/33k6 modem is $320.
    Four are needed and will come with appropriate cables and power supplies.

  • Computer. An average Pentium based PC system, 2gigs (minimum) of disk space over 2 disk drives. IDE type would be good for a startup configuration although SCSI would be better. A ethernet controller is needed.
    Memory requirements, 32 megs, and a floppy drive, screen, keyboard, mouse and cdrom drive are needed.
    An 'off-the-shelf' Pentium 120 system with an additional 16meg memory simm and a second 1.2gig IDE drive was purchased for $2400 including a 15inch colour screen.
    A multiport serial controller to connect the four modems, a 16 port Rocket port card was obtained ($1100). A much cheaper 4 port dumb serial card would have sufficed but the rocket card was purchased because extra line were considered as necessary within a short time and the $200 cost of a 4 port card would be wasted.
    For this startup ISP only one PC system is required and will provide all ISP services.

  • Linux operating system software was obtained for the PC, this consisted of 4 CD roms and cost $50. All the utility programs needed for the ISP functions are included in the Linux CD set.
    You are going to start off with an internet connected system using a Telecom 48Kbit MDDS link to your ISP. You want to start off with four dial in 28k8 modems and offer PPP connections and provide email services and news reading. You also want to host your own WWW site and provide WWW services for your users by storing and making available their home pages. You also want to provide uucp type dial up services for users to collect email and news.

    There are probably many hardware solutions that could easily provide this ISP functionality.


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    Last modified: 16 February 1997.